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A journey through Valkenburg’s past

The historic fortified town of Valkenburg aan de Geul, located in the south of the Dutch province of Limburg, is a real tourist magnet. This is evidenced not only by the ruins of Valkenburg Castle, the only hilltop castle in the Netherlands, but also by the Den Halder fortress tower, which, like the seven city gates (only three of which still exist today), was built during the construction of the city wall by Dirk IV van Valkenburg. One of the three city gates was the Berkelpoort, built in 1335 and named after the owner of the fiefdom of what is now Neerhem, Heinric van Birckelaer. On the field side of the gate, there was once a moat with a drawbridge, fed by the Geul river that flows through Valkenburg. The gate served as an entrance for travelers approaching the city from the southeast, coming from Aachen via Schin op Geul and Oud-Valkenburg. The Dwingel, a narrow path between the defensive walls leading to the main gate of Valkenburg Castle, still exists today. In 1923, the Berkelpoort, which was still closed daily until 1830, was restored according to the designs of architect Willem Sprenger. Since then, traffic has been diverted around the gate. In addition to the Berkelpoort, there is also the Geulpoort, located on the north side of the historic center of Valkenburg, which was gradually demolished from 1644 onwards but rebuilt in 2014. The third city gate, located northwest of Valkenburg Castle, is the Grendelpoort, whose name is derived from the former Grendelput well, which was located nearby. Not far from the Grendelpoort, there was also a tower where gunpowder and rifles for the weapons were stored. There was also a guardhouse for the gatekeeper who guarded the entrance to the city. After the hilltop castle was blown up in 1672 by its governor William II for fear of the French, the fortifications lost their importance and were partially demolished. Today, all three city gates made of Limburg marlstone shine again in new splendor thanks to restoration work. Not only are they listed buildings, but they also allow me and many others to take a stroll through Valkenburg’s history as a fortified city.

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